If you gathered together a group of rock climbers and asked them what type of technique they employed while climbing, chances are high that you would receive a plethora of different answers.
Rock climbing techniques vary by individual. Some climbers prefer free climbing, whereas others like the safety associated with aid climbing. No one is right or wrong, it is just a matter of preference.
In order to lengthen the discussion, let’s focus on free climbing, but with the use of protective gear. Indoor climbing gyms are much different than a natural climb, in that the hand and foot holds are different.
The indoor wall may feature varying grades of climbs and utilize the shapes of natural formations such as cracks and crevices. The outdoor ascent may have areas in which there is very little to hold on to or the grips may not be uniform in shape or size. However, there are some basic hand climbing techniques that every climber should know.
There are three basic hand techniques used to rock climb.
- The first is utilizing rock formations in the shape of a cup or jug. The fingers are on the upper edge of the rock while the palm cups the lower portion. This is one of the most basic of climbing techniques. The legs do most of the work by pushing upward. There may be times, when rockclimbing, when one must utilize only his or her arms to grab and pull their weight onto a surface, because there aren’t any foot holds available.
- The second hand technique is called the finger lock. The finger lock is utilized when there is a crack in the surface. The pointer finger and at least two other fingers are wedged into the crack. This technique allows the forearm to be utilized. It is a difficult technique to use if the arms are not strong. It can also prove dangerous if the fingers become trapped.
- The third technique is similar to using a jug technique, only the rock formation is little more than a tiny ledge. The hand must be securely in place and requires more forearm strength than any other method. It is remarkably easy to slip from this position, so it is important to have the hands thoroughly chalked to prevent slipping. With the proper training, this is a very effective method of ascending difficult walls.
Climbing techniques vary according to who uses them. Climbing areas will also determine what type of techniques will be utilized.
Before beginning a climb, especially for the beginner, it is advisable to consult local climbers on how difficult the grade is, along with the different techniques that best suit the terrain. Great climbers understand the importance of knowing the climbing routes before they attempt them.
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